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Chapters/Methodology.tex

@@ -6,8 +6,8 @@
 
 This chapter describes the methodology used to benchmark peer-to-peer
 mesh VPN implementations. The experimental design prioritizes
-reproducibility at every layer---from dependency management to network
-conditions---enabling independent verification of results and
+reproducibility at every layer; from dependency management to network
+conditions; enabling independent verification of results and
 facilitating future comparative studies.
 
 \section{Experimental Setup}
@@ -20,7 +20,8 @@ identical specifications:
 \begin{itemize}
   \item \textbf{CPU:} Intel Model 94, 4 cores / 8 threads
   \item \textbf{Memory:} 64 GB RAM
-  \item \textbf{Network:} 1 Gbps Ethernet (e1000e driver; one machine uses r8169)
+  \item \textbf{Network:} 1 Gbps Ethernet (e1000e driver; one machine
+    uses r8169)
   \item \textbf{Cryptographic acceleration:} AES-NI, AVX, AVX2, PCLMULQDQ,
     RDRAND, SSE4.2
 \end{itemize}
@@ -56,7 +57,8 @@ mesh topologies. Table~\ref{tab:vpn_selection} summarizes the selection.
     \hline
     \textbf{VPN} & \textbf{Architecture} & \textbf{Notes} \\
     \hline
-    Tailscale (Headscale) & Coordinated mesh & Open-source coordination server \\
+    Tailscale (Headscale) & Coordinated mesh & Open-source
+    coordination server \\
     ZeroTier & Coordinated mesh & Global virtual Ethernet \\
     Nebula & Coordinated mesh & Slack's overlay network \\
     Tinc & Fully decentralized & Established since 1998 \\
@@ -208,9 +210,9 @@ effective round-trip impairment is approximately doubled.
   \begin{tabular}{lccccc}
     \hline
     \textbf{Profile} & \textbf{Latency} & \textbf{Jitter} &
-      \textbf{Loss} & \textbf{Reorder} & \textbf{Correlation} \\
+    \textbf{Loss} & \textbf{Reorder} & \textbf{Correlation} \\
     \hline
-    Baseline & --- & --- & --- & --- & --- \\
+    Baseline & ;  & ;  & ;  & ;  & ;  \\
     Low & 2 ms & 2 ms & 0.25\% & 0.5\% & 25\% \\
     Medium & 4 ms & 7 ms & 1.0\% & 2.5\% & 50\% \\
     High & 12 ms & 30 ms & 5.0\% & 10\% & 50\% \\
@@ -289,7 +291,8 @@ Key pinned inputs include:
   \item \textbf{nixpkgs:} Follows \texttt{clan-core/nixpkgs}, ensuring a
     single version across the dependency graph
   \item \textbf{clan-core:} The Clan framework, pinned to a specific commit
-  \item \textbf{VPN sources:} Hyprspace, EasyTier, Nebula locked to exact commits
+  \item \textbf{VPN sources:} Hyprspace, EasyTier, Nebula locked to
+    exact commits
   \item \textbf{Build infrastructure:} flake-parts, treefmt-nix, disko,
     nixos-facter-modules
 \end{itemize}
@@ -312,7 +315,7 @@ configuration entirely or rolls back.
 Clan's inventory system maps machines to service roles declaratively.
 For each VPN, the orchestrator writes an inventory entry assigning
 machines to roles (e.g., Nebula lighthouse vs.\ peer). The Clan module
-system translates this into NixOS configuration---systemd services,
+system translates this into NixOS configuration; systemd services,
 firewall rules, peer lists, and key references. The same inventory
 entry always produces the same NixOS configuration.
 
@@ -364,12 +367,11 @@ environments across benchmark runs.
 Lackorzynski et al.\ \cite{lackorzynski_comparative_2019} evaluate
 VPN protocols in the context of industrial communication systems (Industry 4.0),
 benchmarking OpenVPN, IPSec, Tinc, Freelan, MACsec, and WireGuard.
-Their analysis focuses on point-to-point protocol performance---throughput,
-latency, and CPU overhead---rather than overlay network behavior.
+Their analysis focuses on point-to-point protocol performance; throughput,
+latency, and CPU overhead; rather than overlay network behavior.
 In contrast, this thesis evaluates VPNs that provide a full data plane
 with peer-to-peer connectivity, NAT traversal, and dynamic peer discovery.
 
-
 \subsection{Full-Mesh VPN Performance Evaluation}
 
 Kjorveziroski et al.\ \cite{kjorveziroski_full-mesh_2024} provide a
@@ -388,4 +390,3 @@ This thesis extends their work in several ways:
   \item Fully reproducible experimental framework via Nix/NixOS/Clan
 \end{itemize}
 
-