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Chapters/Results.tex

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+% Chapter Template
+
+\chapter{Results} % Main chapter title
+
+\label{Results}
+
+This chapter presents the results of the benchmark suite across all
+ten VPN implementations and the internal baseline. Results are
+organized by first establishing overhead under ideal conditions, then
+examining how each VPN performs under increasing network impairment.
+The chapter concludes with findings from the source code analysis.
+
+\section{Baseline Performance}
+
+Under the baseline impairment profile (no added latency, loss, or
+reordering), the overhead introduced by each VPN relative to the
+internal (no VPN) baseline and WireGuard can be measured in isolation.
+
+\subsection{Throughput Overhead}
+
+% TCP and UDP iperf3 results at baseline profile.
+% Compare all VPNs against internal and WireGuard.
+% Consider a bar chart or grouped table.
+
+\subsection{Latency Overhead}
+
+% Ping RTT results at baseline profile.
+% Show min/avg/max/mdev per VPN.
+
+\section{Impact of Network Impairment}
+
+This section examines how each VPN responds to the Low, Medium, and
+High impairment profiles defined in Chapter~\ref{Methodology}.
+
+\subsection{Ping}
+
+% RTT and packet loss across impairment profiles.
+
+\subsection{TCP Throughput}
+
+% TCP iperf3: throughput, retransmits, congestion window.
+
+\subsection{UDP Throughput}
+
+% UDP iperf3: throughput, jitter, packet loss.
+
+\subsection{Parallel TCP}
+
+% Parallel iperf3: throughput under contention (A->B, B->C, C->A).
+
+\subsection{QUIC Performance}
+
+% qperf: bandwidth, TTFB, connection establishment time.
+
+\subsection{Video Streaming}
+
+% RIST: bitrate, dropped frames, packets recovered, quality score.
+
+\subsection{Application-Level Download}
+
+% Nix cache: download duration for Firefox package.
+
+\section{Tailscale Under Degraded Conditions}
+
+% The central finding: Tailscale outperforming the raw Linux
+% networking stack under impairment.
+
+\subsection{Observed Anomaly}
+
+% Present the data showing Tailscale exceeding internal baseline
+% throughput under Medium/High impairment.
+
+\subsection{Congestion Control Analysis}
+
+% Reno vs CUBIC, RACK disabled to avoid spurious retransmits
+% under reordering.
+
+\subsection{Tuned Kernel Parameters}
+
+% Re-run results with tuned buffer sizes and congestion control
+% on the internal baseline, showing the gap closes.
+
+\section{Source Code Analysis}
+
+\subsection{Feature Matrix Overview}
+
+% Summary of the 131-feature matrix across all ten VPNs.
+% Highlight key architectural differences that explain
+% performance results.
+
+\subsection{Security Vulnerabilities}
+
+% Vulnerabilities discovered during source code review.
+
+\section{Summary of Findings}
+
+% Brief summary table or ranking of VPNs by key metrics.
+% Save deeper interpretation for a Discussion chapter.